It was always assumed that the last mile (or even the first mile) would be delivered via cellular technologies in developing nations. Google is offering up an alternative approach that is not dependent on cellular infrastructure and circumvents the carriers directly.
“Search giant Google is intending to build huge wireless networks across Africa and Asia, using high-altitude balloons and blimps.
The company is intending to finance, build and help operate networks from sub-Saharan Africa to Southeast Asia, with the aim of connecting around a billion people to the web.”
Source:Google blimps will carry wireless signal across Africa (Wired UK)