From: Patterns of Global Terrorism. United States Department of State Publication 10321
Description
The small and disciplined RAF is the successor to the Baader-Meinhof Gang,
which originated in the student protest movement in the 1960s. Ideology is
an obscure mix of Marxism and Maoism; committed to armed struggle. Organized
into hardcore cadres that carry out terrorist attacks and a network of
supporters who provide logistic and propaganda support. Has survived
despite numerous arrests of top leaders over the years.
Activities
Bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and robberies. With decline of world
communism, has had trouble recruiting replacements for jailed members. Now
concentrating on domestic targets, particularly officials involved in German
or European unification and German security and justice officials. Carried
out one operation in 1993, destroying a new prison with 600 pounds of
commercial explosives. Police shootout with two members ended in death of
GSG-9 officer and group member Wolfgang Grams. Group temporarily gaivanized
afterward. RAF has targeted US and NATO facilities in the past. During
Gulf war, RAF shot up US Embassy in Bonn with assault rifle rounds. There
were no casualties, however.
Strength
Ten to 20, plus several hundred supporters.
Location/Area of Operation
Germany.
External Aid
Self-sustaining, but during Baader-Meinhof period received support from
Middle Eastern terrorists. East Germany gave logistic support, sanctuary,
and training during the 1980s.
Created: 04/02/95
Last Updated: 03/16/99
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