Marketing experts Ming-Hui Huang and Roland Rust wrote an influential article titled “Artificial Intelligence in Service” in which they theorized that there are four types of intelligences needed to perform service tasks: mechanical, analytical, intuitive, and empathetic. A key point made associated with the theory was that to perform some more advanced service tasks, artificial intelligence applications need to be able to move beyond just being mechanical and analytical to develop capacities that require intuition and empathy—and that type of intelligence needed should play a role in allocating tasks between machines/AI technology and human labor. As most of us who have dealt with chatbots for a customer service issue know, human intuition and empathy are more difficult to emulate via AI, leading this theory to make a great deal of sense. It can be argued that Huang and Rust’s theory applies to marketing tasks beyond customer service. For example, in advertising, Amazon and Google have been masters of good targeting via effective mechanical and analytical intelligence, and AI has helped social media ad targeting immensely. Full opinion : How Artificial Intelligence Is Helping Today’s Small Businesses.

Additional OODA Loop Reporting on AI

Artificial Intelligence Sensemaking – A reference to AI reporting from the OODA Network. The Executive’s Guide To Artificial Intelligence: What you need to know about what really works and what comes next – The megatrend of Artificial Intelligence is transforming the algorithms of business in exciting ways. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman Testifies on “Oversight of A.I.: Rules for Artificial Intelligence”  – Fast on the heels of his May 4th  meeting at the White House with Vice President Kamala Harris and other top administration officials to discuss responsible AI innovation,  OpenAI CEO Sam Altman NIST Makes Available the Voluntary Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) and the AI RMF Playbook – NIST’s Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0) “The U.S. Department of Commerce’s National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released its Artificial Intelligence Using Artificial Intelligence For Competitive Advantage in Business – AI technologies are making continuous advances in domains like industrial robotics, logistics, speech recognition and translation, banking, medicine and advanced scientific research. But in almost every case, the cutting edge AI that drives the advances drops from attention, becoming almost invisible when it becomes part of the overall system. The Future of Enterprise Artificial Intelligence – A short overview of the business aspects of AI focused on informing decisions including due diligence.