Shifting the general European tone on the subject from secretive to open, the French Defense Secretary recently declared in a speech that “cyber war has begun” and that the country has added cyber capabilities to its arsenal that it is prepared to use proactively. The speech invites close collaboration between the defense industry and tech startups, and also included the promise of a bug bounty program for the military. France’s approach, if continued in this line, could drive changes to cyber policy and doctrines to neighboring countries, as well as at the EU and even NATO levels.   

Source: En garde! ‘Cyber-war has begun’ – and France will hack first, its defence sec declares • The Register